Effect of antifungal stewardship actions on candidemia in Toyama
抄録
カンジダ属は皮膚や腸管などヒトに常在する真菌であるが,immunocompromised hostにおいてはカンジダ血症を発症し得る。また,死亡率も高く早期診断および適切な治療を行うことが必要とされる。今回,2009年1 月から2018年6 月までの富山県内7 施設におけるカンジダ血症235例の背景因子や治療関連因子などに関して検討を行なった。さらに,2015年から富山県内の医療機関を対象としたAntifungal stewardship推進のための研究会を行っており,研究会開始前後における各種因子に関しても検討を行なった。
種別分離頻度はCandida albicansが最多であり,初期使用抗真菌薬はミカファンギンが最多であった。背景因子としては65歳以上の高齢者,低栄養,完全静脈栄養が多く栄養管理も重要と考えられた。研究会開設以降は適切な抗真菌薬の選択・量や血液培養陰性化の確認,眼科的精査などにおいて統計学的有意差をもち改善を認めているが,24時間以内の中心静脈カテーテル抜去など今後の更なる向上を期待できる項目も存在した。
The Candida species are fungi that normally live in areas such as the skin and intestines, but they can also be found in the bloodstream of immunocompromised hosts. Because of the high mortality rate of candidemia, the early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of such infections is important. Since 2015, we have conducted antifungal stewardship conferences aimed at medical institutions in Toyama to promote antifungal stewardship measures. In this study, we investigated background and treatmentrelated factors in 235 cases of candidemia at seven institutions in Toyama from January 1, 2009 to June 30, 2018. We also weighed the effect of each factor before and after the conferences.
Candida albicans was the fungus most often isolated at the institutions, and micafungin was the most commonly used first-line antifungal agent. Advanced age (≧65 years), undernourishment, and receipt of total parental nutrition were the primary background factors. After the conference launched, areas such as choice of appropriate antifungal agent and dose, confirmation of negative blood culture, and the number of ophthalmological examinations significantly improved. Problems such as the removal of central venous catheters (recommended within 24 hours) remained, but we expect further improvements from this point on.